Social Learning and Trait Theories

Social Learning and Trait TheoriesAccording to the cyclopaedia of Psychology (2001), accessible learning possibility is ground on the psychology c at a timept that the learning processes within our surround establish human way. Aspects of reward in either rewards or punishment meant to develop desirable style most specifically determine it. Trait theories on the opposite hit identify temperament as a set of characteristics that ar based on our uniform desires, attitudes and fashion that form a stable and consistent tallyt of who we are. Julian B. Rotter is one of the earliest psychologists who developed the theory that besides the earlier look for through with(p) on wayism by the alikes of Ian Pavlov, cognition also played a ample role in favorable learning. His argument was based on the theory that a persons behavior is determined by expectancy. As a result, an individual behaves in a genuine way based on the expected break throughcome of their behavior as w ell as the value that individual places on that outcome.Rotters personality theory based on social learning had two proteans internals and externals (Mearns, 2000). populate have different beliefs on their ability to book whether or non their various behaviors in life are reinforced. Internals believe that they have control over the kind of behaviors they de detainr while externals are of the view that their behavior is because of external factors, which they have no control over. These two variables do not however apply exclusively in individuals so that multitude are classified as either internals or externals. Generally, an internal individual feces portray external traits in various situations. Personality in world-wide is because of ones interaction with their purlieu. Another popular social learning theorist Albert Bandura argued that cognition, behavior, and ones environs have a reciprocal relationship. This, he justified by explaining that ones fellow feeling and hand overation of a situation such as hostility causes them to portray hostile behavior. This in turn often affects their surround as it whitethorn cause similar hostile thoughts and behavior in other people.Bandura is the uniform theorist who introduced the concept of observational learning (Kreitner, Luthans, n.d.). People learn certain behavior by observing the consequences of such behavior on other people. As a result, we leave alone take up the behaviors that get positive degree reinforcement and stay away from those that are punished. This kind of learning is curiously typical of children, who imitate behavior that is rewarded in other children or steady adults within their environment. Understanding the concept of social learning and trait theories has modifyd me to interpret the behaviors and personalities of people within my environment such as my home, school and the sketch place. We are all unique in the different traits that define apiece of us, and there are variables that determine our unique behavior (The Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2001). bingle such variable is our individual perceptions of our environment. Though people whitethorn touch an environment such as in school and the work place, they may have different perceptions of it, which would translate into their different behaviors.Expectations are another variable that determine our unique behaviors. E very(prenominal)one has their individual expectations that drive them to behave in a certain way. If for example, attendance school in time may be because a student expects to qualify to trades union a reputable college once they attain good grades, another student who does not plan to join college will not display the same behavior of diligently attending school. Personal values also contribute to individual behavior, which is driven by ones personal goals and ideals, which make them, behave in a certain way. Self-regulation and plans in relation to achieving our goals and l iving by our ideals determines individual behavior. Therefore, to understand peoples personalities and behaviors in golf club, I have learned to analyze the determinants that contribute to both within their environment as contrary to making generalizations and assumptions on the causes of their behaviors and the formation of their traits.According to Jones (2005), an individuals environment plays a major role in the formation of their personality and behavior. Aspects of the environment such as ones family, peers, and neighborhood contribute to the social learning that shapes behavior and personality. Having learned this, I have been able to understand peoples behavior improve by first looking at the environment in which they live or were brought up. Criminal behavior such as robbery and burglary in an individual for example, may be quickly interpreted as a cause of poverty that drives them to earn a living in this way. However, research has shown that individuals who are brought up in an abusive environment have a high chance of turning to such twist behavior (Jones, 2005). They may be living comfortable lives but still turn to criminal behavior as a way of punishing other people in a similar manner that they feel they were treated ontogenesis up.In the same token, I have learned that observational learning is a powerful weapon that leads to the formation of personality and behavior. Jones (2005) further cites the development of aggressive behavior in children as a product of observing the same in their parents, peers, or siblings. This has alerted me to realize that how we behave within our social setting plays a big role in the development of either desirable or bad behavior in others within our environment, and in particular children. It is therefrom important for ordering to portray positive behavior in all aspects of our lives consciously in order to aid in growing positive behavior, attitudes, and personalities in children as they grow up. This would help in ridding society of such undesirable behavior as abuse, aggression, military unit and antisocial behavior. unmatched of the major roles of each individual in society is to create a favorable environment for themselves and for other people either in school, in the family or at the work place. Having learned the concepts of social learning and traits theories in the development of behavior and personality, my role is reinforced with helpful knowledge on how I can help individuals develop desirable behavior through and through providing adequate learning experiences. When an individuals expected outcome of certain behavior is not reinforced, they develop low expectancies so that they are no longer motivated to repeat the behavior. Raising the expectancy for reinforcement especially in children will help them develop and sustain desirable behavior. This can be done through helping them develop rational expectancies and encouraging them to behaving in slipway that they h ave been avoiding for the fear that they will fail.In my interactions with others, the knowledge on social learning and traits theories gives me the ability to understand all kinds of people that I meet. They may be introverted, extroverted, hostile, or lacking in confidence but I will be in a position to reach out to them since I am able to understand their different traits. This is as opposed to dismissing people for example on the grounds of being hostile and therefore seemingly unapproachable. It is thus possible for me to approach such an individual and watch them how to take control of their anger and hostility. I can do this by helping them shift their personal ideals and educating them on how negatively they affect their environment, like their children or siblings with such behavior.ConclusionSocial learning plays a huge role in the formation of traits and personality in individuals in society (Kreitner and Luthans, n.d.). Once behavior is formed in childhood, based on the conditions of our environment, it is very hard to change that behavior in future. As a result, it is supreme that society creates conducive environment for children to develop sanitary personalities and desirable behavior. education of self-evaluative ideals is also important as it helps individuals create standards for themselves that are at par with positive behavior.Kreitner and Luthans (n.d.) insist that promoting healthy cognitive processes is another handy tool in promoting desirable behavior in social learning. Such processes would enable individuals within the society to reason logically when interpreting different aspects of their environment. This would in turn change such bad behavior as violence and aggression when peoples reasoning powers are increased. This is generally shaping peoples perceptions in ways that enables them to interpret their environment positively in order to develop healthy personalities and positive behavior.