Ibm Research Paper - 1565 Words

Research Paper MBA620 Dr. Martelli Shiyi Lu 18 Oct 2013 The company I chose is IBM. IBMs organizational structure is typical of multi-product or multi-business companies. In this article I will through three ways to analyze that company. There is company’s background, employment, issued facing the company. * Background â€Å"Since its inception, IBM has been a company that defined itself not by particular products, technologies or leaders, but by persistent values.† (IBM, 2012) [1]. Throughout IBM’s 101 years development history: ‘think’ is not just a word to lead the company today. It becomes the culture of IBM, even the company’s mission is changed, and even their values are more clearly and more successfully today. Because of†¦show more content†¦Each position in the sequence can also have branch more professional. Technical position sequence system should provide a clear path, the technician can maximize the climb to higher step and provide the possibility for technical positions with senior management, such as technical director, chief engineer. Technical position is same like management system can be developed to high-level occupation career path. 2) Knowledge and skills training system Knowledge and skills training system is based on the Position of sequence system and carry out effective training for technical personnel at different levels. This training system can help the professional and technical personnel to obtain the corresponding resources and systematic training into the next step. 3) Authentication and identification of IT IBM is a basic on IT Servers Company. The authentication and identification are becoming the way for technical staff’s career development channel. Professional and technical personnel research; summarize, architecture and design and other high-end skills, these are important to develop technical staff occupation career skills. These skills need to get the certification and Accreditation. Experts certificate to ensure the quality and the certification authority. 4) Non technical training In the most developed countries, outstanding professional andShow MoreRelatedCultural Constraints in Management by G. Hofstede904 Words   |  4 PagesA Critical Review of Hofstede, G. 1993, Cultural Constraints in Management Theories, The Executive, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 81-94. There have been many research and studies on the national cultures and its consequences on management theories by numerous researchers. Of those many, ‘Cultural constraints on management theories,’ by Hofstede (1993) is one that has been talked about by most scholars. He strongly claimed that management is a function of culture and that culture influences the way managersRead MoreInclusion Body Myositis ,or IBM, is one of many muscle diseases known as inflammatory myopathies,900 Words   |  4 PagesMyositis ,or IBM, is one of many muscle diseases known as inflammatory myopathies, which causes slowly progressing muscular atrophy and weakness(NINDS IBM ,2014,para 1). Let it be known that in this paper, I shall define IBM, give it’s symptoms and signs, as well as whether or not it is related to birth defects, trauma or age related pathology. A prognosis and diagnosis , for said disease, will be given ; as well as , whether or not it is treatable. 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The Effect Of Motivation On The Workplace - 759 Words

The topic in the workplace that I have chosen to discuss is that of motivation in the workplace. Problems of motivation can cause performance issues, which cost businesses thousands of dollars each year (Nordmeyer). Low motivation delays employees from completing their work and causes many mistakes made within the workplace (Nordmeyer). The definition of motivation is the processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, as well as persistence of effort, towards attaining a goal (Robbins, p. 175). Motivation is a big issue for many employers when it comes to keeping their staff motivated and happy at work. When an employee is unhappy, they tend to be unmotivated. Many individuals are motivated by different things within the workplace and one deterrent can be when an employer is hostile towards their employees or has a lack of respect for employees. Another factor which may lead to unmotivated employees is when a company shows a lack of appreciation to an employe e as well as gives off the attitude that the employee needs to bend over backwards for the company but the company does offer incentive to do so or understand the needs of the employee. There are several positive and effective ways that a company can change this issue and properly implement proven strategies and incentives to increase employee motivation. One way that companies utilize motivation is a concept called alternative work arrangements (Robbins, p. 174). A popular form of alternative workShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Motivation On Motivation Within The Workplace1001 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation is necessary for employees to grow and stay satisfied with their jobs and their current employer. 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Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are two areas of current discourse that have been critically examined for motivating workforce. This paper aims to: define extrinsic and intrinsic motivations; outline the competing views regarding the relationship between the concepts; and, apply the research findings to a workplace observation within the RoyalRead MoreQuestions and Answer About Bullying, Types of Justice and Motivation1484 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1. Workplace bullying demonstrates a lack of which one of the three types of organizational justice? Question 2 What aspects of motivation might workplace bullying reduce? For example, are there likely to be effects on an employee’s self-efficacy? If so, what might those effects be? Workplace bullying demonstrates a lack of which one of the three types of organizational justice? 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To further investigate the relation among motivation and performance of workers. The research statement is designed to evaluate the relationship between motivation and employee’s performance. To evaluate the relationship, the quantitative research

The Aral Sea free essay sample

Disaster of Aral Sea The Aral Sea was once the fourth largest inland sea in the world. About, a million years ago from now the northwestern part of Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan were covered by a massive inland sea. This sea was formed when all the waters retreated from a big land; they left a broad plain that contained highly saline soil. Due to the retreating of water many ancient remains were disappeared. The only remnant that remained was a big inland sea which was the Aral Sea. The Aral Sea was an inland salt water sea, one odd thing about this sea is, there was no channels connected to the sea.There were two different rivers that feed into the Aral Sea which are the Amu Darya River that flows down from Pamir Mountain and the other one is Syr Parya that flows from Tian Shan Mountains. The fresh water from these two rivers keeps the water of Aral Sea and the slat levels in perfect balance. The first one who pulled the trigger that started the disaster of Aral Sea was the soviet central government. In 1960 decided to make the Soviet Union to be self-sufficient in cotton and to increase the production of rice.To carry on with their plan the government of Soviet Union ordered to people to take out additional amount of water needed from the 2 rivers that was currently feeding into the Sea. Maybe that time they couldn’t think of other source to take out water t use, but because of their decision they created a problem in Aral Sea that could never be fixed. Also from that time the people who lived near the Aral Sea that could never be fixed. Also from that time the people who lived near the Aral Sea had to suffer because the fishes and other organic lives started to face a disaster that might not have any solution Dams that were built by the Soviet Union across the 2 rivers for irrigation also had some affect on salinity, notably by reduction of its variability with the season’s smaller lakes within the Aral sea that have stopped being fed by river flow tend to have higher salinity due to evaporation, causing a lot of fish to die. Before the soviet central union government made the decision to put out water from the 2 rivers the actual Aral Sea was a rich source of fish. About 20 species were identified by the biologists from the sea, including sturgeon an d catfish.The town of Muynak, located on the edge of the sea, was a fishing town that attracted a lot of travelers all around the word to its seaside visits. But, as a result of the soviet central government decision, today Muynak is a desert town more than a hundred kilometers from the sea. The only remains in the town are lot of ships that is in a process of rusting and some ancient fish plant. At first they consumed it was a temporary condition and dredged a canal to the retreating shore so boats could continue to sail the sea and still dock at the wharves.But the effluents that did reach the sea were laced with a deadly mix of salt and pesticides from the cotton fields. Fish populations fluctuated and eventually when the canal was 30 km long and the sea continued to move away, the boats were then abandoned to sail on the sea anymore. The drinking water supplies have sea interrupted, and the water is contaminated with pesticides and other agricultural chemicals as well as bacteria and viruses. The farms in the area near use some highly toxic pesticides and other harmful chemicals. For decades, these chemicals have been deposited into the Aral Sea was lost water, the climate has become extreme. Also when the wind blows across the dried up Sea, it carries dust containing toxic chemicals. So, a centuries old way of life has disappeared in decades. The vast area of exposed seabed is laced with pesticides. It’s estimated that 75 million tons of toxic dust and salts are spread across central Asia each year. If the Aral Sea dries up completely, 15 billion tons of salt will be left behind. Evaporation is another cause of pollution in Aral Sea. More and more water is lost which means more and more of oxygen is disappearing also, so the fishes can’t survive so they die and decompose which emits pollutants e. . ) Algae. As more water has been taken from the rivers, the sea’s water level has decreased by over 60%. As a result of all those problems over the five years the sea’s depth has decreased from 30 metres to 12 metres. One of the main causes of the disaster in Aral Sea is significant loss of water. Although, the water level has fluctuated up to a few metres in the past due to natural variability, in the water flow from the rivers, by 1970. The water loss exceeded the limit of natural water level variation that has occurred in the past. The river inflow has been rapidly decreasing since 1960. Net evaporation has also decreased; as a result, there was a net deficit of water to the sea. In the first period of disappearance, water level has dropped by about 21 cm/year. But, in the next decade or so, the speed of water level has increased to 57 cm/year and as the time goes the rate got faster and faster. As the lake loses water, it becomes shallower. The incoming solar radiation for a given square area now has to heat up a smaller volume of water, thus the water temperature at the surface increases faster.This in turn lowers the specific humidity at the surface, which further increases the rate of evaporation. Another factor that accelerated the evaporation is that the Salinization of the lake leads to vertical stratification. (Full of water) (Almost no water) As the sea level dropped because of water, inflow of salts to the sea exceeded the salt discharge. In the salt ten years, the salinity increased by 14%, which exceeded the threshold for many commercial fish. As a result commercial fishing catches fell from 43,000 tons in 1960 to zero in 1980.From 1960 to 2004 in 44 years the surface salinity increased from 10ppt to 92ppt. The steep rise in salinity was loss, the element which alters landscapes the most. When agriculture uses furrow irrigation, soil receives an excessive amount of water from rivers and canals. Water then gets filtered by depositing the salt in the soil. Excess water accumulated in groundwater that remains after filtration raises the water table. Risen groundwater dilutes and moves upward the salt resting in the soil. Water moves upward and salt concentration increases in the surface layers of the soil.The water evaporates during day time, leaving the salt behind as it becomes like a layer of snow on the surface of the ground. The other cause of shrinking of Aral Sea is change in the sea surface temperature. The heat capacity is reduced; therefore it can warm up and cool off faster than before. The change in the sea surface between day and night creates more and more of sea breezes. In a sense, Aral Sea has started to exhibit a monsoon climate, which is characterized by seasonal climate change due to warming and cooling of the sea. The shrinking period was also characterized by less ice covering of the sea.The Aral Sea region experienced significant desertification during the desiccation period. Several factors influenced the desertification, including the decline in the groundwater level. Bu cutting off water supply to a region, the hydrological balance of the area becomes offset as more water leaves the region. Frequent low-water periods contributed to the shortfall of needed resources for vegetation. The decline in the groundwater level in the Amudarya and Syndarya deltas lead to increase in salinity. Due to increase in salinity plants began to die away.The vegetation decreased to 40% and the side effect of the decrease in the protective vegetation stronger winds, which led to dust storms in the area. Six million hectares of agricultural land were destroyed as a result of Salinization and desertification. In 1960 the Aral Sea’s biodiversity was considered low. The water in the sea supported no more than 24 species of fish, over 200 species of free living macro invertebrates, and 180 land animal species. Due to the lowering of water level and the rise of salinity and toxicity none of the fish species survived. Less than 30 macro invertebrates survived and of the land animal that were reliant of the Aral Sea a few dozen remain. With the retreating shores once water locked breeding grounds of many fish species became vulnerable to land predators. Also, with the decreasing volume of animal life in the region more salient species were introduced in an attempt to preserve the 44,000 tones of fish pre anuum. The disaster of Aral Sea has degraded the environment in many different ways. After all the miserable things happened they finally came out with possible solutions to recover the Aral Sea.The possible solutions that they came out with were 1. Improving the quality of irrigation canals 2. Installing desalination plants 3. Charging farmers to use the water from the rivers 4. Using alternative cotton species that require less water 5. Using fewer chemicals on the cotton 6. Moving farming away from cotton 7. Installing dams to fill the Aral Sea 8. Redirecting water from the Volga, Ob and Irtysh rivers. This would restore the Aral Sea to its former size in 20–30 years at a cost of US$30–50 billion 9.Pumping sea water into the Aral Sea from the Caspian Sea via a pipeline, and diluting with freshwater from local catchment areas Not all parts of Aral Sea was possible to recover since the south Aral sea has almost completely dried there isn’t anything to do for them because even they try to recover the south Aral Sea they won’t see any progress. At least they had the North Aral sea to attempt to recover one of the thing that they did is the Kazakh government planned to build Dike Kokaral, a concrete dam separating the two different parts of the Aral Sea.

Outline to Water Speech Essay Example

Outline to Water Speech Essay To in provide reliable information on the topic of tap water and bottle and why you should drink tap water. What are the types of waters and the facts of bottled water and tap water? What are the standards and regulations over bottled and tap water? Why you should drink tap water? Based on research I believe that tap water is a better choice because of the FDA regulations and standards places on it, the effect it has on the environment and the overall cost and health effects of tap water. Tap Water Vs Bottled Water What are the differences between these two glasses of water? Most would say there is no difference but the truth is there is. The one on the left is bottled Aquafina and the one on the right is regular tap water. I have always thought different types of water all tasted differently and I wanted to know why. So I have done some research which makes me more informed on this topic to share with you. What are types of water and some facts of bottled water and tap? The main types of water include; Spring which is water that is collected from an underground formation that collects water, purified which is water treated with processes such as distilling and de ionizing, mineral which is trace minerals that were contained from the source not added to the water, sparkling which is carbon dioxide that was obtained at the source and not added after collecting, artesian which is underground water sources where water is naturally purified by rock or sand, well is water from a hole made in the ground to tap a water source and lastly municipal or tap which is water piped right into your home from a water processing plant. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to Reader’s Digest, It takes 3 times the amount of water to produce the bottle than to fill it with water, only 1 out of the 5 water bottles with be recycled the other 4 will contribute to 3 billion pounds of waste from plastic bottles. Another effect on the environment , It takes 17 million barrels of oil to produce water bottles, enough to fuel 1 million cars for a year. Bottled water costs consumers 10,000 times more than the cost of tap water. US consume 8. 6 billion gallons of water a year which is 53 billion gallons globally which generates 61 billion dollars a year! According to pulpfactor. com, Americans are paying 3 times as much per gallon of water than gasoline. Americans choose bottled water because of taste. Many taste tests have been conducted, tap water comes out on top. Many Americans believe it will taste differently from where it is bottled. Example, Dasani is bottled from the Detroit River; more than 25 percent of bottled water is from a public source. Many Americans believe bottle water is healthier; again this is not the case. Many bottled waters do not contain the trace elements that are added to tap water such as fluoride. Many dentists have seen an increase of cavities with the increasing liking of bottled water. Lastly many advertisements make bottled water convey a message of purity, healthy living and social status which consumer then use in their everyday lives. What are the standards and regulations over bottled and tap water? Bottled water does not have to be tested for ecoli, required to provide a source, required to produce quality reports while tap water does. Bottled water can be sold if these standards are not meant but tap water cannot. According to ABC news, tap water has strict standards of the EPA, environmental protection agency, again no standard for bottled water. In conclusion, drink tap water. Why, because it is cost effective, better for the environment and has better regulations and standards to keep us healthy and safe. What is next I pay for water and I would also like to pay for air too. JUST SAY NO TO BOTTLED WATER! Outline to Water Speech Essay Example Outline to Water Speech Essay To in provide reliable information on the topic of tap water and bottle and why you should drink tap water. What are the types of waters and the facts of bottled water and tap water? What are the standards and regulations over bottled and tap water? Why you should drink tap water? Based on research I believe that tap water is a better choice because of the FDA regulations and standards places on it, the effect it has on the environment and the overall cost and health effects of tap water. Tap Water Vs Bottled Water What are the differences between these two glasses of water? Most would say there is no difference but the truth is there is. The one on the left is bottled Aquafina and the one on the right is regular tap water. I have always thought different types of water all tasted differently and I wanted to know why. So I have done some research which makes me more informed on this topic to share with you. What are types of water and some facts of bottled water and tap? The main types of water include; Spring which is water that is collected from an underground formation that collects water, purified which is water treated with processes such as distilling and de ionizing, mineral which is trace minerals that were contained from the source not added to the water, sparkling which is carbon dioxide that was obtained at the source and not added after collecting, artesian which is underground water sources where water is naturally purified by rock or sand, well is water from a hole made in the ground to tap a water source and lastly municipal or tap which is water piped right into your home from a water processing plant. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline to Water Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to Reader’s Digest, It takes 3 times the amount of water to produce the bottle than to fill it with water, only 1 out of the 5 water bottles with be recycled the other 4 will contribute to 3 billion pounds of waste from plastic bottles. Another effect on the environment , It takes 17 million barrels of oil to produce water bottles, enough to fuel 1 million cars for a year. Bottled water costs consumers 10,000 times more than the cost of tap water. US consume 8. 6 billion gallons of water a year which is 53 billion gallons globally which generates 61 billion dollars a year! According to pulpfactor. com, Americans are paying 3 times as much per gallon of water than gasoline. Americans choose bottled water because of taste. Many taste tests have been conducted, tap water comes out on top. Many Americans believe it will taste differently from where it is bottled. Example, Dasani is bottled from the Detroit River; more than 25 percent of bottled water is from a public source. Many Americans believe bottle water is healthier; again this is not the case. Many bottled waters do not contain the trace elements that are added to tap water such as fluoride. Many dentists have seen an increase of cavities with the increasing liking of bottled water. Lastly many advertisements make bottled water convey a message of purity, healthy living and social status which consumer then use in their everyday lives. What are the standards and regulations over bottled and tap water? Bottled water does not have to be tested for ecoli, required to provide a source, required to produce quality reports while tap water does. Bottled water can be sold if these standards are not meant but tap water cannot. According to ABC news, tap water has strict standards of the EPA, environmental protection agency, again no standard for bottled water. In conclusion, drink tap water. Why, because it is cost effective, better for the environment and has better regulations and standards to keep us healthy and safe. What is next I pay for water and I would also like to pay for air too. JUST SAY NO TO BOTTLED WATER!